Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 16, 1922)
tiiu c;sc:r daily jgu;;;,"au i c::tla:jd. cl uurv J i COOLIDGE IN TERMS VICE PRESIDENT UPHOLDS TARIFF, I SHIP SUBSIDY AND OTHER HARDING i POLICIES IN AUDITORIUM ADDRESS j-'.- - i . Beginning With a Discussion of Finance, Coolidge Discusses National Debt and Taxation, Which Leads Up to a Justifica tion of tNe Protective Tariff Closing With a Reference to Foreign Policies. t litre 1th it th fall text of the public d- I Ortes delivered by Vice-President Otlrm Cool , - " t The Auditorium Tuedy evening. -J ! The grreat characteristic of the Amer 5 I; lean people la progress. They not only '. V believe in It a a theory, but adopt - f it as a practice. They are willing to r put forth the Effort, to endure the sac s' riflce. to accomplish tnis result. uney - I are a people who do not wait for to- morrow, but act today.; Nowhere is this spirit ot laudable enterprise more apparent, more vigorous, or more m successful than along the Pacific Coast. I That which is pre-eminent here is re ft fleeted in all our national characterls-.-. r tics, in all the activities of the national f. government. What we believe in, we Jare willing to pay the price to estab f llsh. " r The- chief concern of all the peoples I of the earth is their national finances. I" While the cost of military units in ttte Old Worjd took very much less di rect expenditure from the public treas ury than was required for a like pur- pose in America, nevertheless the great frmamenu which had there been main- tallied, before the outbreak of the great rwar. were proving to be almost unen- durable burdens. Events left very lit itle doubt that it was this tremendous strain and the necessity of bringing it itc a close that drove frenzied peoples i Into the great conflict. Prior to that f era our own country was scarcely aware f "Of its national expenditures. Some out- -cries were made when a congress first $ passed an appropriation bill which ex- ceeded a- billion dollars to meet the cost of government for a single year, - but after Speaker Reed had remarked f that this was a billion-dollar country! S there was little more of criticism. Out if an annual budget of about that sum l-our country met its ordinary expendi I tures and from the surplus built the J Panama canal. Without doubt our own feasy financial condition, our enormous resources and the facility with which' f, money could be raised by taxation or ( by loans, added to the extravagance -which is always one of the symptoms , of war. ;R1XTY-TW() BILllOSS The five fiscal years which ran from t our entry into the conflict to the last . day of June of the present year were .marked by a total of appropriations . j;whlch exceeded- J62.000.00o.000. The "first two of these years the amount was almost $46,000,000,000. When it 1 l im recalled that the public debt ;tt its I peak was hut $26,600,000,000 of this. t. the srreat amount bv which the Amer ican people have been required to re- spond in taxes can be realised. This debt has now been reduced to less lham SlJ.000.000,000. More than $11.000;t00, 40 which was advanced to them as -credit during the war period is due to our country from governments abroad. - It reoresents. almost in its entirety. ; hot actual money sent overseas, but money that was paid to our own cm sens for supplies furnished by them ti 'foreign governments, oftentimes fc prices which represented large piofi i It is obvious that if this amount coul l b collected and applied to our presen f 'debt it would diminish it by about onef neir. While tnts problem is under conh . ttderation and in the subject of negoj I tiations by a competent commission I recently appointed under congressional r- action, financial experts agree that its 'adjustment is a matter of great diffit cutty, requiring very delicate treat menu :. The encouraging features of our own E financial condition are that we have come out oi tne war owing noooay dux -ourselves, more than able, ud to the present time, to balance our budget so that there has been a very consider able surplus of income over expendi tures, constanllv reducing our nubile t , f debt, and finally lowering the cost of Jr rovernmetit to such an extent that many taxes coma be aitogetner abol ished and the rate of the rest mate rially decreased. This is an accom- pUShment that no other great nation has yet been able to secure. LOWER LIVING COST ' 4 Not all at once, but ultimately, a ' reduction in the 'cost of government will be reflected in the cost of living, if the ultimate consumer paid button tax on that which he bought, ;the bur- Clen would be very much less. The to tal ordinary receipts of the national 'gpvernment tor the last fiscal .year were just a uuie above tour muion aot 'lars. The total production of the counr -try has been estimated at about sixty billion dollars. On this basts if the na i -tional taxes were added directly to the J cost of the products of the nation they . Would amount only to the small sum, I comparatively, of less than 7 per cent, t, However, In practice they are not add ftd once to each product, but are added i together with - an increased margin of. I profit by every concern through which the product passes from the time it f ' leaves the soil until its ultimate con t" sumption. Here was one of the main reasons, aggravated in same instance J: toy profiteering, for that advance in I th basic cost of existence which, rep J resenting- almost every necessity of lite, bore down with great severity upon the people at large. Such a condition couid J have but one result. By exhausting I the credit of the nation, by raising in- . terest to a rUinous rate. It diminished consumption. People reduced their 1 purchases to tfis bare, necessiUes of ex l Istence.- Tn" immediate consequence . I. of this waa to destroy almost entirely f the demand for manufactured products, f. This stopped , the purchase of raw uia J. terials which ctused a great fall of iyrtces in the. primal markets. The chief staples of agriculture suffered tremendous josses. ' Haw sugar fell from 23 cents to 2 cents. Cotton and wool, .corn and wheat, livestock and i tobacco, lumber and metals all experi- . enced a violent and almost horizontal Oecline. , This low Standard of prices was or m temporary nature And Was not immediately reflected in the retail trad. . ATIOlf Al B0BLE Such was the condlUon in which the Country found itself but a few months aa tns result in part of the method WT war financing. It was producin a ruinous depresston in sericulture. I Mines were closing down. Manufactur i las plants were faring idle. Building J operations had almost veased. Banks f, had exhausted their resouiroes for sup , plying money and iu many instances .were unable to collect on their loans. I Railroad mfitltin rri nniahht & i serious Amount, of unemployment bcfwioved. Very decided assistance has l II 19 Hill. j t It wl to thj solution of alt these t - problems that tt national government i at once tmed Its attention. It began j;by undertaking an immediate reduction f in ths cost it its own 6ie ration Real ising that the eld method of leading grants f money It COUld, with fenly such t supervisory control as result from the activities of . diff eren congressional committees, would tx merely to con I tinuo aa okt extravagant method, the : fundamental and radical remedy of I budget system was adopted. Under f this plan of administration each de partment submits its estimates to a budget commissioner, who with his or anizatiort. considers the neds of that oepartment in the light of the needs Ct the whole government. More than that, .the badge-cormnlssldner invest 1 gates thd-eondoet'and the expanses of the departments. - He la the eyes and RECOUNTS ears of the president He accomplishes coordination. He eliminates duplica tion. He makes the saving of money praiseworthy and profitable. By these methods alone in a single year the budget system was able to save the government over $250,000,606. Very much more progress is being made in reducing public expenditures than is popularly supposed. Appropri ations for the year ending June 30, 1921, were $4,780,000,000, for 1922 $4,066,000,000. and for the present year $3,747,000,000. This is a reduction of over a billion dollars in the amount of appropriations in the last two years. Cveryone knows that the war left our country with a large burden of ex pense which could not be avoided but must be paid. It requires $1,350,000,000 to take care of the public debt and cer tain sinking fund requirements. Our obligations to the veterans and their dependents is very close to $500,000 000 each year. The maintenance of the army and navy above pre-war cost is almost $400,000,000. This is account ed for in part by increased pay which goes to enlisted men, the greatly in creased sise of ' the navy, especially in the auxiliary vessels, and the higher prices that it Is necessary to pay for all kinds Of army and navy supplies. TAXATION VirsClKKTiriC . The diminished appropriations, the placing of the supervisory authority of the budget commissioner over depart mental estimates, expenditures and methods of business, created a condi tion whereby '.it hM "been possible to make large reductions in taxation. Vp to last November the country was liv ing under its wr revenue -measure. In time of stress and danger it is neces sary to seize for the national defense that on which it is most easy to lay the hand. The highest peril is the public peril. The fact that a certain method of taxation will ultimately result lh economic disaster cannot be weighed against the higher consideration of immediate public danger. Almost the sole question to consider: under the compulsion of national conflict was the quickest method, of securing thA most revenue. For this purpose excess profits taxes, very high surtaxes, Btamp taxes, transportation and admission taxes, a resort to the fieJd of necessi ties rather than the field of luxuries, were all adopted in the raising of war revenue. Experience has revealed to us the economic result which was in part due to this- unscientific method of taxation. It was all a part of the price of vic tory anl not to be hastily condemned, but when peace camft, when , there was opportunity for. careful Investigation, for a mature consideration not only of the possible sources of revenue but of the economic effect which would result from their use, it became evident that there was need ot a revision, reduction and readjustment of the national tax system. Our country has two main sources of supplying its national treasury s in ternal revenue and custora duties. In former days substantially the whole of the public money came from indi rect taxation. The tariff on import duties was a very large Item and was considered the most important of all the tax bills. There were stamp taxes, license taxes, and other receipts from manufacture and sale, but all of them were indirect in their nature and were mostly passed ot to the consumer. It was only after the constitution had been amended by the adoption of the income tax provision that our citisens began to pay much money which was wholly in the nature of a direct tax. SUBTAXES BEDTJCE The requirements of our government which must be met by taxation run close to $3,500,000,000 for" each fiscal year. About one-tenth ot this ii pro vided from import duties and ths other nine-tenths from our' different sources of internal revenue. One of the prime purposes of the special session of con gress which convened the 11th of April, 1921. was a revision of this great tax. It is no easy-task to plan for raising this great sum. It is utterly devoid of every element of popularity. It was a work which had .to be done and tiie burdens which accrue under it must be borne. There is one satisfaction about it, It greatly reduced the annual tax bill of the American people. It also modified the policy of the old law. It is a very attractive theory to most of us to suppose that some means might be devised, by which the rich few could pay all of the taxaes. As a mat ter of fact there are no such witfl sufficient resources to meet . the re quired demands. It is Only th treat American public that has the financial strength adequate to respond. XHrectly ior indirectly it is the ultimate con sumer, whether he appreciates. It or not. wno pays most or tne taxes. There is a very distinct limit to .the amount of taxes which can be laid without destroying their source. Prop erty which is overtaxed disappears. It is either consumed by taxation, or is forced Into some Other form. A very .striking example 6f this is the fact that In 191 there were In the United States ,1295 incomes of over $300,000. In 1919 these had diminished te 78, while the revenue from this source had decreased from $707,000,000 to $310,000,000. In the long run it is often possible to secure -more revenue by a moderate tax than by a very high tax. It was with this principle in view that surtaxes were reduced from a maximum tot fS Mr cent to 50 per cent. The excess profits tax was repealed. This actiot was recommended by the Secretary of the treasury of the present administration and by both Secretary Houston And Secretary Glass of the last adminis tration. "The treasury's objection to the excess profits tax. said Secretary Qlaas. "even as a war expedient . . have been voiced before the committee of congress. Still more objectionable Is the operation ot th exes as profits tax in peace times. It encourages wasteful expenditure, puts a premium on over-capitalization and a penalty on brains', energy and enterprise, discour ages new Venture and confirms old ventUMs irt their monopolies." In gen eral terms all taxation has been re duced except' a' Slight increase made on corporations. Taxes on transporta tion, parcel post. and. substantially all those on sates which became character ised as nuisance .taxes, have been re been extended tb heads of families with moderate incomes, w here there is a family of five Willi An Income of $5000. the tax has been reduced by one-half. The whole nation has been granted re lief to the extent of about $S00.000.0O0 for the first year of the new law and a substantial reduction thereafter. The other source of revenue Is the dutyon imports. One of the first acts of the present congress was to pass an emergency . tariff law which bad - iw main feat area, primarily -it was to protect agriculture,; secondarily to pre vent that practice of aedtag .foreign goods in our markers at less than their cost of production at home. America was the only country with any ready money and the distress of Europe was driving her to sacrifio her merchan dise at prices which meant great losses to nir inenstries. .But meantime the lonjr and 'laborious ta&it f -trraMn a permanent tariff was, begun. Perhaps OF ADMINISTRATION'S AIMS i - - i ' 1 " 1 1 I I ' ' i II nl i IT it i I I I I , . . II. no more difficult operation was ever undertaken. Our country has always been favorable to -the policy of pro tection. There have been very few out-and-out advocates -of free trade. ' AS a broad prlncip;, protection has meant In the first piac an adequate national defense. A Recent very pain ful experience demonstrated that many of the essential war supplies were not produced In our own country in a suf ficient degree to protect us Jn time of conflict. That condition' must never arise again.. Whatever Is necessary for our military operations must never be entrusted to the mercy-of any foreign power. In the second place our statesmanship has attempted i to secure a diversity of industries by pro viding protection for those which were unable to compete with foreign pro duction. This has meant a broader national life, a greater opportunity for American enterprise and a higher development ot our civilisation. Lastly, thfere has been a desire to preserve for American laborers and American cap ital opportunity to supply American needs. We have preferred American workmen to foreign workmen, Ameri can management to foreign manage ment, American capital to foreign cap ital and if we are forced to make the choice between -an American trust Over which we have complete jurisdiction and the foreign trust which is en tirely beyond our control, we Would still give our preference to America. POBEIOW TBADE Of course our country is desirous of maintaining a foreign trade. It real ises also that ifit does not buy foreign merchandise irannot sell abroad do mestic products. BuJt other countries with needs of export above our own have found that their industries call for protection under present world con ditions. France increased its customs duties by doubling some and raising others from five to ten times the pre war rates. Great Britain passed the Safeguarding of Industries Act. which went Into effect last Octobei. with the precise policy of protection in view, lmposlnfr & duty of 33 1-3 per cent, which affected over six thousand arti cles. Moreover, our own experience under a protective policy, has been a great Increase of exports and , imports. In 1898. these totaled one billion eight hundred and forty-seven million dol lars. They rose with scarcely any break until In 1913 they totaled four billion two hundred and seventy-eight million dollars, while our exports alone Increased from one billion two hundred and thirty-one million dollars to two billion four hundred and sixty-five mil lion dollars. They doubled in the fif teen years Of protection. To the, solution of this problem which presents one of the most difficult eco nomic situations that has ever arisen in American history,, the,' congress . is bending all its energies to provide ade quate national defense, a -broad diver sification of industries, -the opportunity for American enterprise, the mainte nance of that high standard of living Which can only exist under the Amer ican fate of wages and at the same time leave a reasonable opportunity for fc reign trade. For weeks the -senate sat almost twelve hours a day and it is now sitting more than seven, ba its undertaking to secure these results. No such thing as a perfect revenue law or tariff bill has gr been created. Some provisions .will always be subject to just criticism, but if their enactment contributes to a general state of pros perity, an mat can be noped ror will have been secured. One. of the chief desires of our nation is the maintenance of agriculture on a prolific and profitable foundation. About one-third ot .our entire popula tion is engaged in tilling the soil. The Investments devoted to this purpose in the land and buildings, in the improve ments, in the livestock, in the orchards, reach Into the tens of billions of dol lars. When this great enterprise was threatened with disaster the. govern ment at once came to its rescue. First aid relief was applied by securing through private sources the pledge of credits to the amount of fifty mllMoSi dollars 'for the use of the livestock in dustry. A part Of this resulted from the activity and energy of .your own Senator Stanf ield, who left Washing ton and came West for tho ntirpose of W(m AIM00 Hits beet selling on its melit for over 30 years. In your teapot it is tHe realize tioxa of tHe ideal in Tea Satisfaction. TR.Y BLACK TEA Rich Satisfying FUvowr. Frent the fusest gardens. MIXED TEA ' Just esMagh Agrees tee to make the Mead delicious. A. Y. STEEVES, Agent. tadestatftitetlsteT ARRIVE at voir destination relaxed and feeling fit. " Enjoy hotel! comforts, leg. room and that relaxation that does won der to health and mind. The Admiral line maintains regu lar and frequent service to San Francisco, Lo4 Angeles and San Diego. Let us tell you more about this !: jrayet-by-waier. way 4t's comfort 1 ablt 'invigorating, cheerful and economical, too. ' lit f aifi fetfret, Cor. Stark, faoas Broadway SISL Ose, yr. Season Seal, Attofla. feciic CoastoaSe ScrvioQ I HJF.ALEXANDER. ... " . i ' - CURRENT NEEDS High Spots in The chief concern of all the peoples o the earth is their nAtional finances. " . . . ,- .1 The public debt at ltd pedk was $M?0,ftO0,OftO; thia;debt hag now been reduced to less than $33,000,400,490. More than $11,08 0jV 000,000 is da our country from governments abroad. . . TJltlmataly a rsdactfbn in the cost ; of ; jfovernment will' bi, th fleeted in the cost of living- . , j . v The requirements of our government which must be met by taxation run close, to $3,500,000,000 lor each fiscal year. About on tenth of this is provided from' import duties and the other nine tenths from our different sources : of internal revenue. It is a very attractive theory td most ot us to suppose that some means might be devised by which the rich few would pay all of the taxes. However it is only the great American ' public that has the financial 'strength adequate to respond. Directly or indirectly -it is the ultimate consumer, whether he appreciates it or not, who pays most of the taxes. . I There is a very distinct limit to thel -amount of taxes which can be laid without destroying- their source. It-was with, this principle in view that surtaxes were reduced. The. excess profits tax we repealed. . , , t . j y The other source of revenue is the duty on iinports. Our country has always been favorable to the policy of protection. fc To . that end the congress is enactmg a tariff law. Primarily, it is to protest agriculture; secondarily, to prevent that practice of sellifig foreign goods in our markets at less than their cost of production at home. For ths maintenance of agriculture the federal land banks were relieved by an appropriation of $$6,009,000 with which they could extend their credits. A program which likewise has - in -view national defense and national economic advantage is Sponsored in Washington by the president in aa effort to create an American merchant marine. It is only in recent years that 6ur country has given serious con sideration to its relationship to the rest of the world. With a true world vision our country has taken the lead in a great liberal move ment. Th6 Washington coaf erenco established the foundation , of a new relationship among the greAt powers. If our citizens will but continue in their international relationship,, asserting? the. rights of. -American citizens witn firmness, others with generosity, they will peace. helping properly rt distribute these funda An emergency tarui wu upm tM-hir-h had in view especially the protection of the farming Inter ests. It Is reported to have been a very material benefit to the sheep ana cattle raisers. A The federal land banks were relieved by an appropriation of $35,000,000 wfth which they could extend their credits. They were also authorized to increase the interest on their bonds to 6 per cent, which greatly extended their power to raise money for agricultural purposes without increasing the rate of interest which was to, be charged to the farmers. In order that this great Interest might be sure of -having pro per consideration at all times by the federal reserve board, provision has been made by which a representative of agriculture can be appointed to its membership. But the chief act for the relief of the farmers was that which extended the powers of the war finance corporation, giving it authority to place at the disposal of these interests cred its to the amount of -a billion dollars. Of this vast sum about three hundred and, fifty million dollars has been used. A program which likewise has in view national defense and national eco nomic advantage is sponsored in Wash ington by the president, in an effort to create an American merchant marine. The first touch of war not only closed the great exchanges of our country, but left accumulating in all our ports vast quantities of agricul tural and manufactured products which were Without ships to carry them to, market. It was not the seacoast towns which suffered, it. was the lnterjor that was unable to trans port its -wheat and cotton. Its corn and meat to purchasers overseas. It was then that the building' of ships began and did not cease until the war contracts had been . completed. IT. H291 GREEN TEA A Relatkn in Greedi Tea. Pure, translucent ad t Flavory. Telephone Auto, 612-32 Psoas 118. : ' - . PRESIDENT Coolidge Speech " acniiowieaging mo nguts-ot u come Into the possession of a, new which left our government with ovef 12,000,000 gross tonnage, besides the almost worthless wooden construction. How stupendous had been the final expense of that policy which neglected American shipping will be seen when ft is - remembered that - this building program required an outlay of 13,- soo.ose.ooo. At last we were providefLwith a great fleet of ships,, the eecondnargest ton nage in the World. These ships were kept when they could have been marketed- at a high price. Their value Suffered a tremendous shrinkage, their loss ta the treasury amounted to about $500,000 each day at the time of the change of . administration. Government construction, ownership and operation of the fleet has not been a success. It, too, was a part of the ' I I ii ill ill' PERFORMANCE IN -SAN FRANCESCO, CALIFORNIA At th tdat of Market Stmt, tnownjotrmeltrsthtprorUover. It thmJttny Building. LitiU Heap, Anerfe chamcfr -of mh SprmtWs Of NW a.000.000 SpAo pass through therm annuali TUB S PR ECU ELS OUR BEST Astoria Hardware Co., Astoria,' Or. B. T., Goodpasture, Eugene, Or. -Highway Service Co., Roseburg, Or cost of , victory and criticism and com plaint are. not only worthless, but out ot place. But out ot this great fleet there ought to be the possibility of a merchant marine under private-ownership and directed by private initiative. To accomplish -tale .the best possible bnalneas talent was placed in charge of the shipping board. It is proposed to sell this fleet for what it will bring according te - the measure ot world marketsu A shipping fund is to be created try setting aside IS per - cast of U duties collected on waterborn. importations. : To this will bo added certain tonnage charges, taxes' and fees., and from it there is to be paid a -direct aid to an American merchant marine which ts to be proportioned in part on the speed of the vessel. SHI? STTBSIDT XTHGlITJ V The adoption of this plan wilt mean at once a better market for our ships, the saving of a very large annual sum over the present cost of government operation, asd holds out the prospect of reestablishing our country .in the place which it ought always to hold upon the sea. We have been all too long oblivious te the duty which we werto ourselves as a nation. It cannot be a sound buei nesa policy to employ eur competitors to transport our production to market ; Government expenditures ate dimin ishing. JLast year showed a reduction of One fcHlion seven hundred and forty three million dollars below the previous year and a surplus of income which amounted to three hundred and four teen million dollars, while the public debt at the same time was decreased One billion fourteen million dollar a The appropriations for the present year -are three hundred and nineteen million dollars less than those ot last All of this is being reflected Irt the economic condition of the country. The value of Liberty bonds., which rep resents so large a share of the people savings.. has risen from an average of less than is in June of last year to a present average of over 100. The price Of agricultural products in the primal markets has Increased by large amounts since the depression of a year ago.-- The labor department estimates 170,000 additio&s to pay rolls In indus trial concerns in June and carloadings, with the exception of 1920 were larger than ever during that period. . Iron and steel production has risen to 90 per cent of capacity. Production of cop per had quadrupled. The consumption ot cotton has increased 23 per cent and is Only slightly below the highest monthly, average which ever existed. Building operations having Increased 70 per cent are large, and despite some temporary unsettlement of labor con ditions which we experienced, we are advancing apparently into an era of great prosperity. Under a condition of cooperation between business Interests and the government, under a readjust ments of the nation's finances which have revived taxation and protected In dustry and agriculture, the economic depression has come to a close. In spite of world conditions America is reaching stable foundation from Whicn to advance into a new era. FOREIGN POLICY It Is only In receht years that our country has given serious considera tion to its relationship- with the rest of the World. One rule has been dis covered which arose from the great war. for the guidance of our. country men in ail their deliberations, upon this subject. . In all their choices, the wel-' fare of America must be supreme. We i are at peace with all the earth. We The exjperletieed Sen Francisco fttotortst looks for one paramount feature para mount for him when purchasing tires. His tires must not skid. . Many motorists,, after repeated onaucceasfnl attempts, have despaired of ever securi ng silch a tire. Tire mahurscttirers are largely responsi ble for this through claims they cannot ful fill or substantiate. Too many tires with no license for the name, but 4 pleasing or even freakish tread design, sxe called "non skid." Yet really effective non-skid tires are made. -- , I Some of them are only that an effective non-skid and nothing more. They grip the pavement (wet or dry) remarkably well and in doing so create ft suction or a vacuum that holds back the car. retarding fen gins efficiency and requiring aa additional coo sumption of fuel. The Comet Non-SHd j f The scientifically ccrrct tread design not only prevents skidding but provides for traction and speed as Well. It permits your engine developing full efficiency At the Same time that it provides for your safety. ; Demonstrated in every territory In which X Almost any tire will give satisfactory service under ideal conditions Some makes will even render satisfactory service under certain adverse . conditions., Certain makes of tires will perform best on long drives over pavements, other makes will show to better advantage dm dirt highways- and so it goes. ; , . . :;;f j . tX Our object has been to build Savage Tires to SAVAGE TIRE , CO- ASSET IS THE ' S fit IB TIED y Howell-Swift Tire Co. 445 Stark St, Portland -; STATE! The' Ender Co., Klamath Hardware nuouie s ixmcc hkve not forgotten those "comrades with whom we made common cause In ths supreme hoar of civilisation. But Uiat - part ot 4h world's great task 11 dene. In turning to restoration and reconstruction. In executing the tatter and the spirit dt our solemn and pub lic stipulations with whatever people made, we have but one thought to pro mote a condition ot amity -and conoord everywhere in accordance with the re quirement of moderation, forbearance and Justice. We can Join in doing in Jury te no one. We can refrain from doing good to no one. Confident alike of its strength and Its well . doing, America bestows and seeks a common friendship. - lit was lit this spirit that the long standing differences with the republic of Colombia were generously adjusted. If it be thought we have dealt with them with too liberal a hand, we can criticise but the rest of the world must approve. He- have made our treaty with the central powers of Europe. We have defined our position with relation to Mexico. We have looked hopefully for the appearance of a government in accordance with - our ? standards of riKhteeusnees In Russia, while we have ministered liberally to the heeds of her famished people. . j f ' jWlth'1 a true World Vision our coun try has taken the lead m a great lib eral movement. It has been the aspir ation of civilised statesmanship to re move the causes of war.. That is the only avenue of an approach to peace. America has done more to promote this result In the . last year than has been accomplished ' by all previous efforts. The Washington conference established the foundation Of a new relationship among the great powers. Preliminary to its main purpose tt cleared up conditions which might cause serious differences in the Far East and the Pacific. Our Interests there are' represented not only by our possession, but by peaceful relations through all our history. 'That done, the first treaties for the limitation ot armaments by the great powers of the earth ever negotiated were drawn up and executed. Under their terms building of capital ships is reduced and fixed, the use of poi sonous gases is prohibited and the safety of merchant ships from unlaw ful submarine attack is assured. Under these new conditions the army and navy appropriations for the pres ent year Was able to be reduced $210,' 000,000, and an even larger sum will be s4ved-in the Immediate suture by dis continuing the 1116 naval program and In the years . to ' come there will be a ' September on the EAXiTIFUL autumri scenery. Ideal for World-Famous Cruise rporatidn Palatial Steel Steamer, "TIONESTA JUKIATAW JDuluth to Buffalo and Niagara Falls The uartieular attention ef neonle suffering frord hav lever is eauea to tne wen-Known curative properties 01 tno climate at Mackinac and on Lake Superior. Nine-day cruise to Buffalo and return. Passenger service exclusively every three days, stopping at Houghton, Beult Ste. Maria, Mackinac, Detroit, Cleveland. Best dining service and sleeping accommodations in the world Included In fare- DAWCIHtt ORCHESTRA rwiei ana reMfveUent et American tie. Travel Sth V Oak St. Focur Travel Intormatle Servlc M.ter Prank Co. I Teurut Aaencf a Travel Bureau, 1S0 aradwav we afw Operating, we have reason to believe the Savage Cord is a. real, non-skid tire. Used Ideally if has proved so. conclusively. tn Taxtcob Service ,. f The safety of passengers is a trust not ac cepted lightly by conscientious- drivers. We have record of chauffeurs "-"g on. Savage 'Cord tire equipment for wet weather use. A .- ib ; 1 ? On local taxlcabs our Cords srte. erring exceptional all-round Service (t 1 lower cost than any tire equipment previous .ly used. - - - - . v . . in Corporation Service r Big corporation buyers scrutlnixe value . doselys r Every angle IS looked into and re sults carefully wretched. Savage Tires are Used , by large local companies operating fleets of cars ranging from le, 2t, 5, is, , 1 lM,esnd up toSetln number'-""- : the AeasOM ' ; -:v . h Tire me add motorists familiar wlth'tlre construction recognise that we have Incor porated Into the- Savage Cord seventeen om tstandJng totutructionat features -that. snake it e really remarkable tire. perform equally well under every condition on the Short haul el the hsavily iedened commercial tit on the heated roads Ol the sandy desert, over mud end stones of the land oi forests or the broad dirt highways ef the plains. C That 'we have accomplished our purpose is evident from the result users of Savage Tires are , gdttirtg everywhere. 1 . " . ! SAN MEGO CALIFORNIA? i Ashland. Or. " Co.! Klamath Falls lauoo, i-x no, - cannot be But the main- feature of this accom plishment is not economic ; It Teaches up to something higher, it Is the ush ering in of a 1ay of better understand ing, a demonstration that the' problems of the world can be' solved without war by the peaceful method of coesultatlon and of -negotiation. It our country will but apply her powers, if her citisens will but guide their course by justice and reason., they will come into the possession ef - a new material pros perity, if they will but eoattnue In their International relationships.- as serting the rights Of American citisens with firmness, acknowledging the rights ox mil omers witn generosity, they win come Into the possession of a new peace.. .. -.1 . TOTE FOB SCHOOL TAX 1 Vancouver, Wash.. Aug. 18. A 10 mill tax -to pay off outstanding debts and maintain school was voted by five tax payers in District No. T (Minnihaha) Saturday. At least 100 voters reside in the district, said County Superintend ent ..Bennett, but only six showed enough interest in the matter to -vote. Five voted for, and one against the tax. ' iiiiiitiitHtiiiiiiiiiiwiiwintiinisi.nttiiiiiiHiiiiwimiS. 1 Faulty Vision the Rule "Examination of 10,000 em ployes in factories 4ound $3 per cent, with uncorrected, faulty vision. Of $75 employees in a typewriter company, BS per cent were found to be In need of frlasses. Among 3000 .employes n a paper-box factory the per centage of normal was only 18." (From Popular Bdeaok for Btpt.. 1922.) What is the condition of your eyes? How long since you have had them examined? Come in and let me ten you the exact facts about your eyea ! Dr. J. D. Duback i Eyesight Specialist I 171 BROADWAY i ' i Great Lakes September sailingr weather on the Great Lakes Transit "OCTORARA" CUSTOMER financial llef Wch i i Ira Jorgensen, Salem. Or. -1 JTj LeMoss Service Statipn,' Grants Pass n